Combination lock mechanism



Feb. 8, 1927.

1,617,038 E. E. WATSON COMBINATION LOCK MECHANISM Filed July 12, 1926 2 Sheet s-Shaet 2 relation.

Patented Feb. 8, 1927.

UNITEDT'STATES emma PATENT QFHQE.

ELMER E. WATSON, or HAMILTON, OHIO, Assroruoru TO HnnaiNG-HALL MAnvIN SAFE COMPANY, on NEW YORK, n. Y., A conro m'rion or NEW YORK.

COMBINATION LOCK MECHANISM.

Application filed July 12, 1926. Serial No. 121,836.

It is the object of my invention to provide a combination lock with a plurality of bolts so arranged as to be operated simultaneously into locked relation and into unlocked relation from a given pointfor lawful manipulation of the bolt works, and novel means whereby said plurality of bolts are held independently in locked relation when-re.- sisting felonious. attempts to unlock the same, and, further, to provide novel means for compelling independent movements. or 'manipulations of the respective bolts for causing the bolts to separately resist felowhich my improved device is applied.

The invention will be further readily understood from the following description and claims, and from the drawings, in which latter: I

Fig. 1 is a rear elevation of my improved device, with the rear plate and tumblers removed for better illustration of parts, and

shown in connection with a round door ofa safe, and with the bolts shown in locked Fig. 2 is a similar view of the same,-partly broken'away, with the'bolts shown in unlocked relation.

Fig. 3 is aplan view of my improved device with the safe shown in cross-section, :taken in the plane of the line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4'is a vertical section. of the same, taken in the plane of the line 44 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a front elevation of one of the .tumblers.

Fig. 6.is a cross-section of a detail of the rotatable driving means, and their driving connections and relation to the tumblers and drive-wheel, taken in the plane of the'line 66 of Fig. 1. V

. My improved device is adapted for attachment to any compartment which it. is desired to lock, and is especially useful for safes or chests adapted to contain money or valuables, and in other relations inwhich it is desired to employ extra safeguards, or to make the felonious opening of the compartment especially tedious. The compartment is exemplified as comprising a safehaving a body 11 provided with a round door opening 12, and a round door 13 arranged to be received in and to close the opening.

The round door is exemplified as mounted in a suitabledoor ring 15, hinged by a usual hinge 16 to the body of the safe. The hinge i has usual articulation on the axis 17 with the top and the bottom, of the door ring, and usual articulation at 'its top and its bottom with the body of the safe onr-the axis '18. .Suitablelimiting lugs are provided for limiting the extent of swinging of the door ring on the hinge. The door hasusual annular guide. connection 21 with the door ring, and is arranged to .be'rotated in the" door ring-by any usual or suitable means operable in usual manner from the outside of the door.

The wall of the door opening is provided with usual lugs 25, and the door is provided with usual lugs 26, arranged to be received through the usual spaces 27v between the lugs 25, and to be moved behind the lugs 25 by rotation of the door,- for placing the door in locked position anddrawing the door into the door openingin usual manner. v.A combination lock 31 is located on th "door, and comprisesa casing 32, having a front wall 33., an annular s1de wall 34,-1n

which there are openings 35, 36, and a rearwall 37. The rear wallis removable, and is aranged to be attached to the casing by means of screws 38 passing through holes in lugs 39 on the rear wall andthreaded into lugs 40 on the casing.

An axle 41 extend forwardly from,v the rear wall, and forms. a journal for tumblers 42, 43, 44, held to said, axle by means of a spring ring. 45, received in an annular groove in the forwardend ofthe axle. These tumblers may be of any. usual or ordinary or other construction, and be proated in any suitablefordinary or other manner. The respective tumblers comprise stops 46, 47. A fiy 48 on a fly-ring 49 cooperates-with the stops, the respective tumblers being also provided with pins 50,'re- 'spectively engaging the flies of adjoining and a dial 58 are secured, the latter operable for registry of its graduations, with a,suit-- able mark on the. door for manipulation of videdwithv means for changing the combiv nations between the'tun1blers,and be o'perthe tumblers in operating the combination, and with another suitable setting mark on the door for resetting the tumblers, which resetting may be accomplished in any usual or suitable manner not herein more particularly described becauseany well-known, or other means adaptable for the purpose may be employed. The drive-wheel is provided with a threaded hub 59, into which the inner threaded end of the spindle is screwed, a

' key 60 being received in complemental slots ity of notches, two being shown at 63, 6 -Wl110l1 are arranged in separated relation,

and have peripheral obstructing faces 65, therebetween. Each of the tumblers is provided with a plurality of notches, two being shown at 67 68, which are spaced apart and have peripheral obstructing faces 69, therebetween. The respective notches 63, 64,

' and 67, 68, are brought into registry with each other when the combination has been manipulated for unlocking movement of the bolt works. The notches on the respective tumblers and drive-wheel are preferably ar ranged at acute angles with relation to each other.

. Rockable members 71, 7.1, preferably corresponding in number to the number of notches respectively. in the tumblers and drive-wheel, are arranged to cooperate with the tumblers and drive-wheel. These rockable members are provided with fences 7 3,

74-, and actuator wings 75, 76. V

A plurality of bolts 77, 78, corresponding in number to the number of the rockcable members, are provided. The actuator wings ofthe respective rockable members have operative connections with therespecitivebolts, as by'being received in recesses 7 9, 80, in said bolts.

The bolts are respectively axially-movable in bearings 81, 82,in the annular flange 83 of the door, and are arranged to be received in keeper slots 8%, 85', in corresponding lugs 25 in the wall of the door opening, the walls of the respective keeper slots receiving the respective bolts between them, for preventing rotation of the door and thereby looking the door. These bolts are arranged in different radial positions on'the door, and are shown as positioned in acute angular relation to'eac'h' other. Rotation of the bolts is prevented means of -pins'86, fixed in the door. and received in slots 87, extending lengthwise of the respective bolts.

WV'hen' the bolts are in locked relations, the

the safe is improbablel fences of the respective rockable members coact with the outer peripheral resistance faces 65, 69,0f the drive-wheel and tumblers, respectively, for maintaining said respective rockable members and bolts in looking relations independently of'each other.

Felonious attempts at manipulation of one of the bolts, as by boring a hole through the wall of the safe and pounding one of the bolts endwise inwardly, or other attempts to tamper with one of the bolts, for feloniously placing the same in unlocking relation, does not'aiiect the. locked relation of the other bolt, which other bolt is maintained in locked relation by the independent connection between it and the tumbler mechanism, nor do felonious attempts to tamper with one of the rockable members affect the other rockable member of the other bolt.

If, therefore, a burglar should succeed in placing one of the bolts in unlocking relation, he would still have the other bolt to contend with, which latter is maintained in I looked relation, making additional felonious manipulation upon the other bolt and rockable member necessary, before felonious access can be had into the safe. This increasing of the difficulty of access to the interior of the safe will consume so much additional time that successful burglarious opening of The rockable members"71, 7-2, are provided with bearings 91, 92, journaled about hubs 93, 94, of gears 95, 96. The'hubs of said gears are journaled about reduced stems 97, 98, of shanks 99,100,the inner ends of which are threaded, as shown at 101,102, and screwed into threaded holes in lugs 103, 104-, of the casing 82, the stems being provided with annular shoulders 105, 106, screwed against said lugs. (See Fig. 6.) Spiral springs 107, 108, are located in'cavities 109,110, in said bearings 91, 92, pf said rotatable members, the springs bearing against annular shoulders 111, 112, in said rockable members and against 3 annular.

shoulders 113, 114, on said shanks, for normally pressing said rookable members toward the gears 95, 96, and causing'yieldingrotation of said rockable members with said gears. Rotations of said gears, independent ofsaid rockable members, are, however, permitted during the manipulation of the tumblers. I 5 i A drive-gear121 is fixed to the drivewheel and meshes with the gears 95, 96, for driving thelatterf I Bearings 122, 123, on the rea-rplate are received about the shanks 99,100, for reinforcing the positions of said shanks and aiding in resistance to felonious dis arrangement of the rockable members.

I hen the notches 67, 68,'have been placed in registry respectively with each other by 67, 68, in the tumblers, the recesses 79, 80,

being sufl'iciently wideto permit this, and also enter the spaced apart notches 63, 64,

in the drive-wheel. Upon resistance to the rocking of the rockable members, on account of their connections with the bolts 77, 78, the corresponding'walls of the spaced-apart notches 63, 64, in the drive wheel, (dependi ing on whether the rotation of the drivewheel is in locking direction or in unlocking direction), will engage the spaced-apart fences 73, '74, 'of they respective rockable members and-move the bolts 77, 78,"into locking; position, or into unlockingposition,

dependent on the direction of rotation of the drive-Wheel.

The simultaneous movement of the ilfld ependent bolts into locking position or"unlocking positionis accomplished by means of he combination lock mechanism, but felonious manipulation from outside the combination lock mechanism is compelled to be independently upon each separate bolt.

My improved device prevents communication of any felonious opening stress from one bolt to the other.

It is of course obvious that changes may be made in the parts and their construction and arrangement, Within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from my invention.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is: V

1. A combination lock mechanism comprising a tumbler mechanism, a plurality of rockable members each comprising a fence and an actuator wing, and a bolt for each of said rockable members, said actuator wings coacting with said respective bolts for moving said bolts into locked relation and into unlocked relation, said bolts extending inde-' pendently outwardly with relation to said tumbler mechanism, said tumbler mechanism provided with notches for recieving.

said respective fences for unlocked relations of said bolts and with obstructing faces coacting independently with said fences for maintaining said respective fences independently in locked positions for independent locked relations of said bolts. I

2. A combination lock mechanism comprising a tumbler mechanism, a plurality of rockable members at different positions about said tumbler mechanism, independent bolts having independent operative connections with said respective rockable members, means having operative connections with said rockable members for rocking said rock able members from within said combina- ,tion lock mechanism for simultaneously moving said bolts into locked relation and into unlocked relation, and obstructing 'means other than said last-named operative connections resistlng unlockmg from withouts'aid combination lock mechanism upon said respective bolts.

3. In a combination lock mechanism, th combination of tumbler mechanism comprising a driving Wheel and tumblers, said driv ing wheel and said tumblers each provided with a plurality of separated peripheral notches separated by peripheral resistance faces, and a plurality of rockable members and a plurality of bolts coacting therewith respectively in different radial positions about said tumblers, said rockable members respectively provided with fences coacting with the walls of said respective notches for moving'saidfences into said notches and said bolts into unlocked positions 'and'said fences coacting with said peripheral resist ance' faces for independent resistances to unlocking stresses upon said bolts: and said rockable members.

stresses hit) 4. In a combination lock mechanism, the combination of tumbler mechanism including tumblers and a drive wheel coaxially arranged and provided respectively with spaced apart peripheral notches in acute angular relation and with peripheral resistance faces between said notches, a plurality of rockable members arranged-in acute angular relation about said tumblers and respectively provided with fences and with actuator wings, bolts respectively having operative connections with said actuator wings, and independent yieldable actuating means between said drive wheel and saidrockable members to urge said fences independently; into said notches for positive operative relations between said driving wheel and said respective bolts, and said fences arranged to coact with said peripheral resistance faces 1n acute angular relation to each other for 7 independent resistances to unlocking stresses upon said respective bolts.

lit]

5. In a combination lock mechanism, the

combination of tumbler mechanism comprising a drive-wheel and tumblers,said drivewheel and said tumblers each provided with a plurality of notches, a plurality ofrock- .able members each provided with a fence and an actuator wing, said rockable members arranged in different positions about said tumblers and said drive-wheel, and means to cause yielding rotation between said drive-wheel and said rockable mem bers, said fences arranged to be received simultaneously in said notches for positive simultaneous rotations of said members by said drive-wheel, and said tuma blers provided with resistance faces between I said notches for independently resisting rotations of said rockable members and conse rockable I qu ently separating dislodging urge between said bolts.

6. A combination vlock mechanism com;

prising a tumbler mechanism, a plurality of rockable members each comprising a fence and an actuator wlng, a bolt for each of bler mechanism provided with separated notches for independently receiving said respective fences and with obstructing faces between said notches for maintaining said rockable members in rocked relations for independent locked relations of said bolts, and means acting from within said combination lock mechanism for combinedly rock ing said rockable members for locked relation and for unlocked relation of said bolts, and constructed and arranged for maintaining independence of unlocking movements of said bolts by means acting from without said combination lock mechanism.

'7. A combination lock mechanism com- I prising a tumbler mechanism, a plurality of rockable members each comprising a fence and an actuator wing, and a bolt for each of said rockable members, sa d actuator wings coacting wi-th said respective bolts 0 tumblers respectively provided with a plurality of notches in different radial rela tions, the fences of said respective rockable members arranged to be received in said respective notches for unlocked relations of said bolts, and said tumblers respectively provided with obstructing faces between said notches for independently maintaining said fences in positions for independent locked relations of said respective bolts;

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed myname.

ELM-ER E. WATSON. 

